The comic brilliantly captures the special relationship between developers and compilers. Our poor protagonist keeps recompiling the same broken code, expecting different results—the literal definition of madness according to that famous quote.
Meanwhile, deep in the compiler's realm, it's portrayed as tiny workers loading error dynamite into a catapult, asking "He recompiled the same code again, should we stop?"
Spoiler alert: they never stop. The compiler will happily keep launching those errors at you until you actually fix something. The "#define MADNESS" at the top is just *chef's kiss* perfect C preprocessor humor.