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When you compile GCC or any other self-hosting compiler, the full order of building is: 1. Build new version of GCC with existing C compiler 2. re-build new version of GCC with the one you just built 3. (optional) repeat step 2 for verification purposes. This process is called bootstrapping. It tests the compiler’s capability of compiling itself and makes sure that the resulting compiler is built with all the optimizations that it itself implements.